A stilbenoid, natural phenol, called resveratrol (3, 5, 4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), is a phytoalexin produced by a number of plants in reaction to injury by pathogens like bacteria or fungi. As a member of the viniferin family of polyphenols, resveratrol is one of the most well-known and extensively researched substances. Free radical-induced oxidative stress is a key component in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, neoplasia, and neurological disorders. Consequently, much attention has been given to the naturally occurring phytochemical antioxidants as a possible treatment. Resveratrol has shown potential in enhancing treatment for diabetes, obesity, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, multiple myeloma, kidney disease, inflammatory disorders, and metabolic syndrome. It acts as a pharmacological preconditioning substance, boosting the effectiveness of alternative medicine. Resveratrol also strengthens the immune system's defense against cancer by modulating immune cell responses within tumors. This review presents evidence supporting the preventive use of resveratrol for various chronic ailments.